In 1893 when Dr. Daniel Hale Williams performed open heart surgery, it was a medical miracle. As a skilled surgeon, Dr. Williams opened his wounded patient's chest and repaired a tear in the heart lining. This procedure saved the man's life. Daniel Hale Williams became the first doctor to perform this delicate operation. As one of four African-American physicians in Chicago during the late 19th century, Dr. Williams' accomplishments also included the appointment to the Illinois State Board of Health, and the creation of Provident Hospital.

Recognizing the lack of opportunities for medical training of African-American students and the challenge to access health care for patients of color, Dr. Williams helped create Provident Hospital and Nursing Training School in 1891 to serve Chicago's growing African-American community. Although access to health care and study opportunities for people of color have improved significantly since the 19th century, the 21st century challenge is access to affordable health care and the shortage of health-care professionals providing services to these consumers.

African-American health care challenges also include several diseases-heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. Each of these ailments can benefit from changes in diet. By increasing the consumption of nutrient-rich foods-dark green leafy vegetables, lean meats, legumes and grains, African-American consumers can help improve their chance of avoiding these diseases. Though many "signature" soul food items are nutrient-rich, the preparation may need to be slimmed down for better health. Slim down recipes for many favorite foods, by trimming fat, cutting calories and paring back the use of salt and sugar. These changes will contribute to a more healthful diet.

Source: Charla L. Draper
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